Statement of Objects and Reasons appended to the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Bill, 1976 which was enacted as the Constitution (Fortieth Amendment) Act, 1976 STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS Under article 297 of the Constitution, all lands, minerals and other things of value underlying the ocean within the territorial waters or the continental shelf of India…
View detailsIntroduction The debate of privacy basically came into light in the 21st century with the need of data privacy laws and right to privacy of every individual irrespective of their caste, sex, place of origin etc. Right to privacy is not new, it has been a common law concept and an invasion of privacy gives…
View detailsWhen one party is in the position to dominate the will of the other party and the person having the influence used his position to take an unfair advantage over the other party, the other party induced his influence and entered into a contract. Such kinds of contracts or agreements are said to be entered…
View detailsSecurities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) is a statutory body constituted under the provisions of Section 15K of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Act of 1992. The tribunal was mainly established to hear and dispose of appeals against orders passed by the Security and Exchange Board of India or by an adjudicating officer under…
View detailsIntroduction The word ‘discharge’ means to ‘end’ or ‘terminate’. So the word ‘Discharge of contract’ simply means to end or terminate the contract. As a result of that, the liability of the parties to the contract comes to an end. The Indian Contract Act, enacted on 1872, mainly focuses on preventing the parties from making…
View detailsIntroduction A formal revision to a statute, contract, constitution, or other legally binding instrument is known as an “Amendment.” Ultimately, the purpose of any change is to improve things. The change may be an update, with aspects of these agreements added or removed. The legislative branch is the only one with the power to make…
View detailsWhat is Geographical Indication? It is an indication. It originates from a definite geographical territory. It is used to identify goods with unique characteristics that originate in a specific geographical territory. It is used to distinguish agricultural, natural, and manufactured goods. The manufactured goods must be manufactured, processed, or prepared in that territory. It should…
View detailsIntroduction An agent, according to section 182 of Indian Contract Act,1872 is a person who represents his principle in contractual relationships with third parties. Under an agency contract, the principal appoints or engages an agent. As a result, an agent serves as a conduit between the principal and third parties. By his actions, an agent…
View detailsThe Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purpose of Patent Procedure, signed on April 28, 1977, was amended on September 26, 1980. The Budapest Treaty eliminates the need to deposit microorganisms in each country where patent protection is sought. Under the treaty, the deposit of a microorganism with an…
View detailsMany products in the market are harmful for the health of consumers and there are many sellers and manufacturers of goods and services in the market who engage in unfair trade practises or corrupt and unethical business activities. These are some of the concerns that need to be addressed in order to protect consumers. Thus,…
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