SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
- Modern Constitution- The Indian Constitution was drafted in the mid-twentieth century by its makers which gave them an advantage as they could take cognizance and simultaneously were inspired by the various constitutional processes operating in different countries in the world and hence they could draw upon a rich fund of human experience, wisdom, heritage and traditions which could best suit to the political, social and economic conditions in India.
For instance, Indian Federalism is influenced by the American Constitution and Australian Federalism. Fundamental Rights in India are inspired by the American Bill of Rights. The Parliamentary Form of Government in India closely follows the British Model. The System of Writs which plays a crucial role in protecting the rights of the citizens is also a contribution to Britain in India.
While adopting some of the principles developed in other democratic countries, the Constitution of India strikes new parts, new approaches and patterns in several directions. For instance, Centre-State Relationship, it is aimed at achieving the twin objective of promoting unity in India and reducing rigidity in a federal system.
- Written Constitution- India’s Constitution is one of the lengthiest, elaborate and a detailed Constitution in the entire World. In 1950, when the Constitution was enacted, it originally had 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 8 Schedules but presently due to various Amendments, our Constitution has 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 12 Schedules because it is the longest of the organic laws in the entire world.
The Constitution deals with the organization and structure of not only the Central Government but also of State Government and this happen because of a Federal Constitution, Centre-State Relationship. The Constitution has reduced to writing many of the Unwritten Conventions of the British Constitution. For example, the principle of collective responsibility of ministers, parliamentary procedures etc
The Constitution contains not only the fundamental principles of governance but also many administrative details such as the provisions regarding citizenship, official language, government services, electoral machinery etc. The Constitution of India has also laid down about the fundamental rights of its citizens and at the same time has laid down the fundamental duties and Directive Principles of State Policy.
- Preamble- The Constitution of India has an elaborate preamble unlike the other Constitutions such as Australia, Canada and USA. The Purpose of the Preamble is to clarify who has made the Constitution, for whom it is made, what is its source, what is the ultimate sanction behind it, what is its nature of polity, what is the objective and goal?
The Preamble doesn’t grant any power but it gives a direction and purpose of Constitution. It outlines the objectives of the entire Constitution because it contains the fundamentals of the Constitution. It serves the following purposes-
It contains the enacting clause which brings the Constitution into Force
It declares the grant rights and freedoms which the people of India have been secured with
It declares the basic type of government and polity which is sought to be established in the country
It throws light on the source of the Constitution i.e. people of India
Ordinary Preamble was not regarded as the part of the Constitution, but that view no longer exists as the majority of judges constituting the Bench in Shri Keshavanand Bharti Case v State of Kerala have laid down that the Preamble does form a part of the Constitution.
Aishwarya Says:
I have always been against Glorifying Over Work and therefore, in the year 2021, I have decided to launch this campaign “Balancing Life”and talk about this wrong practice, that we have been following since last few years. I will be talking to and interviewing around 1 lakh people in the coming 2021 and publish their interview regarding their opinion on glamourising Over Work.
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