A group of congress broke out from the party and formed a revolutionary group. They were great patriots. They adopted harsher and terroristic manner to achieve their goal. They were impatient and great heroes, they presented a supreme picture of sacrifice. They were active when the moderate leaders were arrested and jailed. They proved to be a source of inspiration for the masses and helped to develop nationalist feeling.
The revolutionaries believed that political rights cannot be achieved through nonviolent and constitutional means. The revolutionaries were of the view that independence and self-rule can be got by violence and threats to British rule. To achieve these objectives the revolutionaries formed secret organizations of revolutionaries gave them military training, collected arms and ammunition and propagated revolutionary ideology through news papers and other means.
British rule in India, having survived the turbulent years of 1919-1922 which saw the Khilafat and non-cooperation movements, saw turmoil once again in 1928 due to a sudden increase in revolutionary activities.
After 1922, Hindu-Muslim unity had broken down and the country witnessed a huge upsurge in communal violence between 1923 and 1927. This period also witnessed the formation of right-wing Hindu and Muslim organisations like the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Tablighi Jamaat. An indecisive Congress was yet come out with a new agitational programme after the disappointing withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement. This was the perfect setting for the colonial power to prolong its rule.
The activities of Revolutionary heroism started as byproduct Off the cloud of militant national trend.
• After the decline of open movement the younger Nationalist’s look for Avenues to give expression to their patriotic energies to find new forms of struggle to bring into practice the new militant trends.
• The youth finding all avenues of peaceful political protest Close to them under government repression though that if nationalists goals off independence word to be met the British must be expelled physically by force.
• They opted to follow the footsteps of Russian nihilists over Irish nationalists.
• This methodology involves individual heroic action such as Organizing assassinations of unpopular officials and off Traders and informers among the revolutionaries themselves.
• Conducting swadeshi dacoits to raise funds for the revolutionary activities.
• Organizing military conspiracies with expectation of help from enemies of Britain.
• The Extremist leaders failed to ideologically counter the revolutionaries as they did not highlight the difference between a revolution based on activity of the masses and of one based on individual violent activity and thus allowing the individualistic violent.
Maharashtra:
• Ramosi Peasant Force:- Vasudeva Balwant Phadke in 1879, Aimed to get rid of the country of the British by investigating an armed revolt by disrupting communication lines. It hoped to raise funds For its activities through dacoits. It was suppressed prematurely.
• During 1980s Tilak Propagated a spirit Of militant nationalism, Including use of violence through Ganapati and shivaji festivals and his journals Kesari and Maharatta. Two of his disciplines the chepkar brother. Damodar and Baal Krishna – Murder the play commissioner of Pune and one Lt Aye rest in 1897.
• V. D. Savarkar and bus brother organized Mitra mela A secret society in 1899 merged wi th Abhinav Bharat in 1904.
• In 1909, A. M. T. Jackson The collector of Nasik who was also known ideologist was killed by Ananta Lakshman Kanhere a member of Abhinav Bharat.
Punjab:
a country under colonial rule can’t remain still for long. The trigger was finally provided by the colonial rulers themselves. In the ongoing protests against the Simon Commission, superintendent of police James Scott not only ordered a lathi charge but personally thrashed Lala Lajpat Rai in Lahore on October 30, 1928. Lajpat Rai succumbed to his injuries a few days later, on November 17. His killing was seen as a national humiliation.
• Lala Rajpat Rai who brought up Punjabi Its mode of self help at any cost and Ajit Singh who organized the extremist Anjuman – I – Mohisban – I Watan in Lahore with its journal bharat Mata.
• Before Ajit Singh’s group Turned to extremism it was active in urging non payment of revenue And water rates among chaneb colonists and Bari Doab peasants.
• Other leaders including Aja Haidar, Sayyed Haidar Raza, Bhau parmanand and the radicand Urdu poet Lalchand Falak.
• Government struck in may in 1907 With a ban on political meetings and The deportation of lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh.
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