Cyber crime is a type of crime that involves computer and a network. Computer can be used in a commission of a crime or it can be the target. It harms someone’s security and financial health. Both governmental and non-state actors engage in cyber crimes internationally. It is sometimes referred as cyber warfare.
Warren Buffet describes cyber crime as “number one problem with mankind” or “poses real risk to humanity”. There is a broad range of activities in cyber crime.
Financial Fraud Crimes
It is any dishonest misrepresentation of fact or it stops from doing something which causes loss. It results in:
Altering in an unauthorized ways.
Destroying, suppressing, or stealing output
Altering or deleting stored data.
It is facilitated using computer systems, bank fraud, extortion, and theft. This results in the loss of private information or monetary information.
Cyber Terrorism
It is an act of terrorism committed through the use of cyberspace or computer resources. For example, news on internet that there will be bomb attacks during the holidays.
Cyber Extortion
It occurs when a website is threatened with repeated denial of services by malicious hackers. Hackers demand money in return for promising to stop the attacks or to offer ‘protection’. It is increasingly attacking corporate websites and networks, demanding payments to revive their services. These crimes are committed by a specific group of criminals. These crimes are new, having been in existence since the computers have discovered. There are many crimes committed daily on internet.
Crimes that target computer networks are:
Computer viruses
Denial of service attacks
Malware
Cyber crime involves less technical expertise. Human weaknesses are generally exploited. Crimes that use computer networks are:
Fraud and identity theft
Information warfare
Phishing scams: propagated via email. It contains links of other websites which contain malware. It contains fake online banking used to steal private account information.
Spam: sending bulk email for commercial purposes.
Offensive content
Investigation
A computer can be a source of evidence. Computers can contain records of criminal investigation. Different types of high-tech crime include elements of low-tech crime, or vice versa. Methods of cyber crime detective work are dynamic and constantly improving. Due to common use of encryption to hide their identity and location, it is difficult to trace a perpetrator after the crime is committed, so prevention measures are crucial.
Legislation
Cybercriminals use developing countries so as to evade detection and prosecution from enforcement. Laws against cybercrime are weak in Philippines. These laws allow cybercriminals to strike from international borders and remain undetected. These criminals avoid being punished in United States.
Intelligence
As cyber crime has increased, professional ecosystem has evolved to support individuals and groups seeking to profit from cybercriminal activities. It has become quite specialized, including, malware developers, professional cyber crime groups, etc. Few cyber security companies have the skills, resources and visibility to follow the activities of the group.
The broad diffusion of cyber criminal activities is a problem in computer crimes detection and prosecution.
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