February 22, 2022

India’s Political Culture

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Culture is a manner of lifestyles. Transmission of subculture into political action is referred to as Political Culture. Political Socialization is the way and Political Culture is the end of the Political System. After the Second World War, new principles like political system, political socialization, political subculture, power and authority emerged. The political way of life consists of attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviour closer to the political gadget.
American political scientist Lucian Pye defined political culture as the composite of basic values, feelings, and knowledge that underlie the political process. The political culture of a country is influenced by many factors & in a country as diverse as India, various factors come into play that undermines India’s transformation into a mature democracy.

Political culture in India is not merely a reflection of community lifestyle, it is the link between historical experiences of politics and model identities on one hand and the needs of new political forms on the other. In the Nehruvian era, our constitution saw India’s future as secular liberal democracy and that was maintained by a leader who was secular at heart and had great respect for parliamentary traditions and the role of the opposition in a democracy. The fact that the ruling party was in effect, a coalition of diverse interests prevented ideology-driven governance. Today the dominant ruling party is not a coalition of diverse interests but an ideology-driven political force.

India has as many eligible voters as many dominant nations, as this country has one in every six human population. India is a rising potential superpower nation with several indicators like demographic trends, rapidly expanding economy and military. India’s ability to stabilise participatory democracy with a diversity of ethnic and religious groups make it an envy of the democracies around the globe.
Even though the formal provisions of elections are maintained Indian democracy is facing a major crisis of political culture.


ISSUES WITH POLITICAL CULTURE IN INDIA :
Lack of political ideology, absence of inner democracy inside parties, voting behaviours shaped via primordial hobbies like caste, community, faith instead of merit or ideology of events. Identification of parties based on personality rather than ideology focuses on politics rather than policy and criminalization of politics.
The political culture of a country determines the other spheres, in social harmony, environmental sustainability, democratic polity, economic growth. So, it is essential to transform the political arena for better play of various political agents and electors.

MEASURES TO ENSURE A MATURE POLITICAL CULTURE
By making the election commission more effective in its functioning, making citizens aware of the basic information about participating in the election, the ideological commitment of parties, simultaneous elections, Declaration of crook antecedents, houses & academic qualifications is a first-class measure and must be made attain wider public. The latest SC judgement asking political events to purpose out for deciding on a particular candidate with criminal antecedents than a new candidate is a good step.
As External Affairs Minister, S Jaishankar quoted ”Indian democracy is not just a choice made in 1947, but a way of life”. With the rapid evolution in ideologies, values, norms and customs our nation is going through a shift in political culture.

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