Foreign companies in India can find it difficult to understand and calculate the minimum wage as it differs in each state and is classified according to multiple criteria such as region, industry, skill level and type of work.
Until last year, the minimum wage was governed by the Minimum Wage Act, 1948 which changed after Parliament passed the Code of Wages, 2019 in August.
The Wage Code Act replaces four labor laws – the Minimum Wage Act of 1948; Wage Payment Act, 1936; Premium Payment Act, 1965; and Equal Remuneration Act, 1976.
The new wage law prohibits employers from paying employees less than the prescribed minimum wage. In addition, minimum wages must be reviewed and revised by the central government and the state every five years or less.
India offers the most competitive labor costs in Asia with a national minimum wage of around INR 176 per day, which equates to INR 4,576 per month.
This is a national minimum wage – and it will vary based on geographic location and other criteria.
In addition, some state governments, such as Andhra Pradesh, offer tax breaks for companies that create local jobs.
It should be noted that India’s minimum wage and wage structure differ depending on the following factors: state, area within the state depending on the level of development (area), industry, occupation and skill level. This gives foreign investors a number of options when choosing a location for their investment.
India uses a complex method of minimum wage setting that defines nearly 2,000 different types of jobs for unskilled workers and over 400 job categories with a daily minimum wage for each type of job. The calculation of the monthly minimum wage includes the variable cost flat rate (VDA), which takes inflation trends into account, i.e.
As already mentioned, the calculation of the minimum wage takes into account the skill level of the worker and the nature of his work. Generally, workers in India are divided into unskilled, semi-skilled, skilled and highly skilled.
Under the Wages Code Act 2019, workers in all industries have the right to a minimum wage set by the governments of their respective states. Questions of work and its well-being are constitutionally the responsibility of both the federal states and the central governments, which leads to transnational regulation.
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