India’s first policy for Education, was implemented in the year 1968 by the Indira Gandhi Government, and the second policy was implemented in 1986 in Rajiv Gandhi government which was modified in the 1992 by the P.V. Narashima committee and now after 34 years India’s new education policy was bought into action.
Right to Education was introduced as a fundamental right in order to provide free and compulsory education for children of age 6-14 years.
In 2014 the new Education Policy was there in BJP Manifesto, in 2015 when Smriti Irani was the HRD Minister a new committee was formed with chairperson TSR Subramanian this committee submitted it’s report on 7th May 2016.
The main objectives of this committee were:-
- To improve the quality of the education.
- Credibility of education.
- Addressing the gaps in implementation.
In October 2016 this draft policy was released by the ministry for suggestions but nothing could be achieved.
Afterwards, a new committee was formed with Dr.K KASTURIRANGAN as the chairman and other 9 members and this committee made a draft of the national educational policy in 2019, which was finally passed on 2020.
Major changes in the education policy were:-
- HRD ministry was now renamed as ministry of education.
- GDP Investment in education was to be increased from 1.6% to 6%.
- Focusing on gross enrollment ratio will be increased to 50% by 2035.
In this new policy academics, vocational, and extracurricular activities were all given equal footing, and every child can develop their skills in their field of interest so that as soon as they deal with the real world they get fully prepared.
Changes in the pattern of School Education:-
- The existing 10+2 structure is broken down into 5+3+3+4 structure.
- Through this system the preschool period will also be introduced as formal education so the 3-4 years child will also be taught according to school curriculum, which is globally followed.
- From class 6 coding will be introduced, this system is already followed by China for a long time and we can see their development.
- Mother Tongue will be a medium of instruction till 5th grade.
- Report card will be comprehensive based on skill and capabilities.
Changes in Higher Secondary Education:-
- A holistic approach was to be followed, students will be able to select their own combination of subjects and the strict division of Humanities, Commerce, and Science was no longer to be followed.
- In language Sanskrit along with other classical languages and literature will be made available.
- For those students who want to do something out of the box for them Academic bank of credits by using that students can take a sabbatical of one year and after the completion they can start their course from that left portion again.
- Undergraduate and post graduate program were made flexible with multiple exit and entry options.
- MPhil has been discontinued.
- MERU(Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities) will be implemented to promote IIT’s and IIM’s.
- For National Research culture in Higher Education national Research foundation was to be set up as apex body.
- Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) would be setup as the sole body for higher Education only legal and medical education was to be excluded.
Changes for teachers:-
- National Curriculum Frame work for teacher’s education NCFTE 2021 will be introduced.
- Minimum qualification for teachers would be made 4 years of integrated B.Ed.
- There will be no difference between private and government education.
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