The 73rd Constitutional Amendment granted constitutional standing to self-government entities known as Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), with the goal of making democracy more functional at the local level, driven by residents’ demands and with their involvement. Economic growth, social justice, and the implementation of Central and State Government Schemes, including the 29 subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule, have been assigned to Panchayats. Because PRIs are the foundation of local self-government and people’s participation, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj has been providing programmatic support for their development and has been working to strengthen PRIs through advocacy and financial support in order to achieve decentralized, participatory local self-government, inclusive development with social justice, and efficient service delivery. The Ministry’s continued assistance has resulted in significant advancements in the Panchayati raj system and local governance across the country. However, because Panchayati Raj is a state topic and governed primarily by the State Panchayati Raj Acts, the extent of progress in local level governance differs by state.
Short Comings in panchayati raj system
The role of political parties is not explicitly defined under the Seventy-third Amendment Act. It makes no mention of political parties being able to participate in elections in their official capacity.
The link between panchayats and local administration is not addressed in the 73rd Amendment Act.
The 73rd Amendment Act does not specify why Panchayati Raj Institutions should be dissolved. This allows the government to dissolve panchayati raj institutions for political reasons.
Members of parliament and state legislatures are frequently ineffective in their representation. There are conflicts of interest between legislators and Panchayati Raj representatives, especially when it comes to gaining votes.
The panchayati raj system’s uniformity jeopardises local government’s distinctive history, culture, traditions, and institutions.
There are several advantages to the panchayati raj system. Despite these favorable characteristics, the panchayati raj institutions have not been able to function as true democratic institutions with people’s participation due to elite control of the system, state level leaders’ fear of challenges to their positions, and the bureaucracy’s lukewarm attitude. According to studies from several Indian states, some states have been active in implementing Panchayati raj institutions. However, in Indian villages, the unequal social structure and rigid caste system, along with a power-hungry local bureaucracy, kill the system’s vitality.
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