Panchayats have the authority to draught plans and programmes for the village’s economic development and social justice promotion. They are in charge of developing practical and well-thought-out programmes that will enable the villages’ interests to be furthered. The State, according to Article 243G, decides the particular scope and degree of the panchayat’s powers in the foregoing subjects.
Some major functions of a panchayat are as follows
- Providing necessary facilities like sanitation and medical assistance, schools, irrigation, roads, drinking water, etc.
- Making annual developmental plans for the area and preparing schemes for more scientific agriculture, employment generation, etc.
- Making the annual budget and managing the finances of the area.
- Implementing and coordinating schemes launched by the Central and State governments, like the Public Distribution System.
Role of State
State legislatures have a crucial role in determining many aspects of Panchayati Raj in respective states because local administration is a state topic. When it comes to devolution of powers to Panchayats, states are crucial. Panchayats will serve as local government institutions, preparing plans and implementing initiatives for economic development and social justice, but the Constitution leaves the precise devolution of powers and authority to Panchayats to the States. The State legislatures must address the 29 issues outlined in the Eleventh Schedule for devolution to Panchayats for the planning and execution of economic development and social justice initiatives. The State determines the Panchayats’ ability to levy taxes and the cash available to them. Furthermore, states play an important role in developing Panchayat capacities as well as establishing a suitable framework for accountability and transparency.
Short comings of Panchayati Raj System
The role of political parties is not explicitly defined under the Seventy-third Amendment Act. It makes no mention of political parties being able to participate in elections in their official capacity.
The link between panchayats and local administration is not addressed in the 73rd Amendment Act.
The 73rd Amendment Act does not specify why Panchayati Raj Institutions should be dissolved. This allows the government to dissolve panchayati raj institutions for political reasons.
Members of parliament and state legislatures are frequently ineffective in their representation. There are conflicts of interest between legislators and Panchayati Raj representatives, especially when it comes to gaining votes.
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