It’s June, The monsoon month. In India it is also known as start of Rainy season. At the start of the June month there is pre monsoon rains in the presence of sunlight lead to formation rainbow in the exact opposite side the Sun. The scientific definition of the Rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light. While Rainbow contains 7 different colors viz. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
Few days back in several big cities in different states witness something unusual, they saw a ring was formed around the Sun. That was captioned as “Rainbow around the Sun”. The ring is around the Sun is known as Halo. Several cities like Hyderabad, Bangalore witnessed the Halo sun just a few days ago. Sun’s Halo is an optical phenomenon that occurs due to sunlight refracting in millions of hexagonal ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. It is also known as 22° Halo because for an observer, the ring has a radius of approximately 22° around the sun or moon. It is also known as Kaleidoscopic Effect.
The optical phenomenon is a result of ice crystals present in the atmosphere that appears covering the sun when refracted by sunlight. The rare occurrence takes place due to the dispersion of light. It takes the form of a rainbow coloured ring with a radius of approximately 22 degrees around the sun. Circular halos specifically are produced by cirrus clouds, which are thin, detached, hair-like clouds. These clouds are formed very high up in the atmosphere, at a height of over 20,000 feet.
Clouds contain millions of ice crystals which refract, split, and even reflect the light to give an impression of a circular rainbow ring. Sunlight through the ice crystals causes the light to split or be refracted. When at just the right angle, it causes us to see the halo. During the process, light undergoes two different refractions once when it passes through ice crystals and the second when it exists.
Artificial can also be created through computer & technological gadgets. Regarding the research we may either take a single crystal and rotate it around the appropriate axis or take a chemical approach. Such experiments are performed just to find out about analogous refraction geometries. This optical phenomenon was useful in ancient times because when you see a halo around the sun, that is an indicator that there is moisture high in the atmosphere. If the halo is followed by high, thin, wispy cirrus clouds, then there is a storm system approaching you. It’s typically 24 to 48 hours away. There’s such saying “If the Sun has a Halo, there is rain to follow”.
Sources:
You tube
Wikipedia
Times of India
DNA news
Spectrum news
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