For citizens and residents, these two terms have been commonly used for a longer period of time now. But it has been commonly confused between these two terms by our general public. So let’s first understand the basic differences between these two terms:
Citizenship alludes to an individual’s faithfulness to an administration in return for its assurance at home and abroad. Full political freedoms, including the option to cast a ballot and to serve in a position of authority, and common freedoms are normally allowed to a locally conceived citizen. Today, ‘citizen’ will, in general, indicate an individual who legitimately has a place with a nation, and ‘inhabitant’ is utilized, by and large, for a lawfully residing or working in an individual in a specific region.[1]
In the official courtroom, the term occupant regularly appears differently in relation to resident: it names an individual who has a home in a specific spot yet doesn’t really have the situation with a resident. Take, for instance, an ordinary event in migration law: an individual who has citizenship outside of the United States and who wants to work or live in the nation applies for a green card, a recognizable proof card that authenticates their lawful home in the nation as an outsider—that is, an individual who was brought into the world in an alternate nation and isn’t a resident of the country where the person currently dwells.
The rights of citizens in our country include various rights including fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution of our country which is as follows:
Right to equality Right against exploitation Cultural and educational rights
Right to freedom Right to freedom of religion Right to constitutional remedies
Earlier citizenship was given by birth, descent, naturalization which is all given in Article 6-11.
Now the latest citizenship amendment act in 2019, altered law accommodates giving of Indian citizenship to Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Parsis, and Christians from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan who came to India at the very latest December 31, 2014.
The law won’t be stretched out to Rohingya Muslims abused in Myanmar; Shia and Ahmadiyya Muslims in Pakistan; Hazaras, Tajiks and Uzbeks in Afghanistan; Tamils in Sri Lanka; and agnostics in Bangladesh.
Before 2019, the alterations in the Citizenship Act, 1955 never unequivocally confined award to citizenship to specific strict networks. The past legislatures had an all-encompassing methodology – possibly they never given to citizenship to unlawful transients or gave citizenship to illicit travelers having a place with all the communities. Legal specialists say that the new citizenship law abuses the major right under Article 14 of the Indian constitution that ensures equivalent insurance of laws, even to the outsiders, in the domain of India.
Now rights of residents include paying the tax to the government which is the first and foremost right of residents of a country. Other rights include paying water tax, electricity bills, abiding by the rules and regulations that govern the country.
So in the end I would like to say that Citizens are the people that are residing in the country by birth while a Permanent occupant is a lawful individual to live in the country for a predetermined time frame by some exceptional authorization.
[1] https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/what-is-the-difference-between-a-citizen-and-a-resident
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