There are times when you get a call from a number that looks like a local cellular operator, but it turns out that it is ultimately an international call. These calls generally bypass the legal route of the international mobile operator. The process of switching international calls to local lines is called SIM boxing. Telecommunications companies are quickly affected.
A SIM box, also called a SIM bank, is a device used as part of a VoIP gateway installation. It contains a number of SIM cards that are connected to the gateway but housed and stored separately from it. SIM cards from different mobile phone operators can be installed in a SIM Box so that it can be operated with multiple GSM gateways in different locations.
The GSM gateway links the VoIP and GSM networks together. This gateway is a device in which, relatively speaking, on one side of the internet and inside the gateway are mobile devices in which you have to insert a SIM card.
Calls made over the Internet are sent to SIM boxes, which redirect this illegal VoIP traffic to cellular networks. Scammers effectively bypass interconnection billing points to take advantage of the difference between high interconnection rates and low retail rates for network calls, thereby avoiding paying an operator’s official call termination charges.
Each international call goes through a certain route before passing from subscriber A to subscriber B. In order to deliver the call quickly, efficiently and inexpensively, the major mobile telephone operators use the services of transit operators. (intermediaries), whose task is to deliver the call to the operator of another country, which in turn is sent to subscriber B.
Therefore, transport companies buy the route from people or organizations that have a SIM box fraud system. The owners of such a system receive money for the route at international rates and pay only the local costs that are actually in the network.
The SIM box serves as storage for SIM cards that make local calls after converting calls from international cards.
Many operators are still largely unrecognized about the magnitude of the loss in sales in SIM boxing. It is also responsible for network traffic disruptions that cause indirect financial damage. The SIM boxes do not allow the issuance of Calling Line Identity (CLI). As a result, legitimate customers who are called through SIM boxes may complain about the unavailability of services that they would otherwise expect to be able to use.
The quality of service also suffers due to congestion of the call network, poor quality due to traffic and the excessive number of abandoned calls. Finally, incoming roamers may have problems receiving calls when the SIM boxes attempt to bypass calls to the routing numbers used to end calls to incoming roamers.
Conventional approaches such as call detail recording (CDR) analysis become ineffective when it comes to modern SIM box strategies due to the latency associated with these methods. As technology advances, operators need to find a unified approach that can help them manage the crisis proactively.
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