The Preamble of the Indian Constitution declares that
“ We the people of India having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all its citizens:
Justice, social, economic and political
Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship
Equality of status and if opportunity; and to promote among them all
Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and the integrity of the Nation
In our constituent assembly, this twenty-sixth day of November 1949 do hereby, adopt, enact and give to ourselves this constitution.”
INTRODUCTION
The preamble means an introduction to the constitution meaning it contains everything an Indian citizen gets from his birth the Fundamental rights and duties, protection by law, equality before law, freedom, remedies, election, amendment of any provision in any statute, emergency provisions, etc. It sets out the main aim and objective which the law-making intends to achieve.
WHEN PREAMBLE WAS INTRODUCED?
It was introduced by the constituent assembly on 26th November 1949.
WHAT IS CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY?
The Constituent Assembly was recommended by the cabinet mission for the purpose of framing a new Constitution. It came into existence in November 1946 by the provincial assembly through an indirect election. Out of 296 seats for British India, 211 seats were occupied by the congress and 73 seats were captured by the Muslim League and the rest were unfilled.
As the assembly was brought by the British Government it was not considered as the sovereign body. It has to work in the framework of the cabinet mission scheme only, it couldn’t change the outline of the constitution. Further, in 1947 by passing The Independence Act, 1947 the above limitation was removed. As the result, the constituent assembly became a sovereign body and it was free from the cabinet mission scheme and could frame the free Indian Constitution.
PROMINENT MEMBERS
The important members of the assembly were Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, dr. Rajendra Prasad, Sardar Patel, Maulana Azad, Gopala swami Ayyangar, Govind Ballabh Pant, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, T.T. Krishnamachari, Dr. B.R. Amebedkar, Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar, H.N. Kunzru, Sir H.S.Gour, K.V. Shah, Mansani, Acharaya Kripalani, Dr. Radha Krishnaa, Dr. Jaykar, Liaquat Ali Khan, Khawaja Nazimuddin, Sir Feroze Khan Noon, Suhrawardy, Sir Zafarullah Khan, Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha.
The Constituent Assembly’s first meeting was held on 9th December 1946 as a sovereign body. On 11th December 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as a permanent chairman, Muslim League boycotted the assembly but the assembly adopted “Objective Resolution” which later became the Preamble of the Constitution. Later the assembly appointed various committee dealing with different aspects of the constitution. The different committee submitted their reports and from their reports committee formed the basis of the constitution and the first draft of the constitution was prepared.
On 29th August 1947, a drafting committee of 7 members was set up under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Amebedkar also known as Father of the Indian Constitution and first law minister of independent India. The draft constitution was published in January 1948. Over the published draft the people of India were given 8 months to discuss and propose amendments. The Constituent Assembly held 11 sessions, a total of 7,635 amendments were proposed and 2,473 were discussed. In all, in 2 years, 11 months and 18 days Indian constitution was prepared.
The new constitution of India was adopted by the constituent assembly on 26th November 1946. Indian constitution came into force on 26th January 1950.
Original Indian Constitution contained The Preamble, 8 schedules and 470 articles. Presently, the Indian constitution contains 22 parts 12 schedules and 395 articles.
CONCLUSION
We have a long history of struggle for the independence of India from the British government. We celebrate our independence on 26th January of every year because on this 26th day of January Indian National Congress (INC) choose the day to announce India to be a republic India. We choose this to appreciate people who contributed and gave their lives to make India an independent country. India achieved its independence from the independence act, 1947. This act helped the constituent assembly to frame the shape of the constitution.
After this act, the assembly was free from the British government. The objective resolution which Jawaharlal Nehru proposed became the preamble of the Indian constitution. There were many prominent members in the constituent assembly who contributed in forming THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION. Indians have the highest respect for the Indian Constitution as it gives us Fundamental rights and duties and treats every person equally irrespective of his caste, creed, religion, color, age, etc.
Aishwarya Says:
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